Shale Veteran Takes On Argentina’s $6 Billion Shortfall
Argentina is depending on two things to reverse a three-year energy shortfall that’s costing $6 billion a year: a shale formation bigger than Massachusetts and Miguel Galuccio, who has worked on drilling operations from North Dakota to Poland and India.
President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner appointed Galuccio chief executive officer of YPF SA (YPF) in 2012 after she seized control from Spain’s Repsol SA. Since then, Galuccio has tripled investment in the state-run oil company in an effort to reverse a decline in output that’s led to crippling energy shortages and drove Argentina’s energy imports to record highs.
As oil plunges through $60 a barrel for the first time in five years and producers revise their spending, Galuccio is sticking with a strategy for the Vaca Muerta shale formation that relies on foreign partners with a long-term view. His $16 billion Loma Campana venture with Chevron Corp. is Argentina’s second-largest producer and YPF announced this month a $550 million partnership with Malaysia’s Petrolian Nasional Bhd.
“It’s a huge achievement for Argentina, in two years to have a showcase like Loma Campana,” the 46-year-old Galuccio said in an interview. “It’s not a Mickey Mouse showcase.”
Source: YPF SA via Bloomberg
YPF SA Chief Executive Officer Miguel Galuccio, left, shakes hands with Malaysia’s... Read More
As the price of oil continues to drop, others aren’t so sure. Cheap crude will “result in less aggressive development of Vaca Muerta,” said Paolo Rocca, the billionaire chairman of oil-pipe supplier Tenaris SA, at an industry supplier conference in Buenos Aires on Dec. 10.
Billionaire fund managers George Soros, Daniel Loeb and Richard Perry all reduced their holdings in YPF stakes in the third quarter as oil slumped. Deutsche Bank AG cut its recommendation to hold from buy on Dec. 9.
Vaca Muerta
YPF first identified Vaca Muerta beneath the plains of Patagonia in the 1980s, and it holds at least 23 billion barrels of oil, according to a 2012 survey by Ryder Scott. At 30,000 square kilometers, it’s almost twice the size of the Eagle Ford shale formation in Texas, which produces more than 1.6 million barrels a day.
Since Argentina seized a 51 percent stake in the company in April 2012, YPF has sold more than $1.7 billion of securities abroad. Its shares have surged 120 percent, compared with a 21 percent decline for a Bloomberg index of international oil stocks.
Extracting Vaca Muerta’s reserves from almost 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) down is key for Argentina to once again become an energy exporter, according to Galuccio, a former Schlumberger Ltd. executive who winds down with boxing, hot yoga and polo in his free time. Executives who visit the Loma Campana joint venture walk away willing to see YPF as a partner, he said.
Source: YPF SA via Bloomberg
A drilling rig stands on the Vaca Muerta formation in Argentina.
Nationalizing YPF
That’s important since the 2012 nationalization of YPF gave the world’s energy companies a good reason to be wary of investing in Argentina.
At the Loma Campana venture with Chevron, 40-meter (131-foot) walking rigs delivered from Houston puncture the dry terrain in Neuquen province. It’s the biggest shale field outside of the U.S., pumping 35,000 barrels a day, and production is set to rise as YPF turns to horizontal drilling.
Galuccio has also signed up other companies to work in the Vaca Muerta. Dow Chemical Co., based in Midland, Michigan, is developing gas in an area called El Orejano and Malaysia’s state-own Petronas agreed Dec. 10 to work with YPF to drill at an 187-square-kilometer site known as La Amarga Chica. Exxon Mobil Corp. (XOM) is among other companies drilling in Vaca Muerta and YPF is looking at possible partnerships with the Irving, Texas-based company to ramp up production, he said.
His grander vision sees YPF taking its shale expertise to other countries in the region and developing Argentina’s vast offshore potential. He’s also looking at opportunities in mature fields in Mexico, where he headed Schlumberger’s operations as a supplier to Petroleos Mexicanos.
Oil Reserves
“Having that measured reservoir of 23 billion barrels of oil equivalent sure helps in raising your profile,” said Michael Roche, a strategist at Seaport Global Holdings LLC, in a telephone interview.
YPF will benefit from working with “world-leading oil companies,” he said, calling it a positive “testimony to the government’s decision to go with an oil veteran.”
The relationship between Galuccio and the Argentine president is helpful to both.
Since nationalizing YPF, Fernandez aided the oil industry by reducing taxes and allowing higher pump prices that let energy companies remain profitable even with an estimated 40 percent inflation rate. Now, she’s betting a new hydrocarbons law that gives producers higher prices and tax incentives for shale operations will see Argentina regain self-sufficiency in energy by 2019.
Export Goal
As a result, Galuccio said, it “probably reasonable” for Argentina to become a net exporter within 10 years.
“I don’t get overexcited when the price jumps and neither depressed when it goes down in the short term,” he said from his office in Puerto Madero, which was built by Repsol in the plush business district just footsteps away from the presidential palace in Buenos Aires.
“I don’t believe in long-term $50 or $70,” he said. “With $80, we’ll be OK. If it’s $70, we’ll have to become more competitive. We have a lot of room for productivity” gains.
At YPF, he’s built a team of 300 scientists that is looking at ways to boost efficiencies including developing artificial sand using nanotechnology. Galuccio pours out a handful of the dark grains he says are lighter and stronger than natural varieties imported from China and the U.S., making them more effective in hydraulic fracturing. He also plans to source natural sand locally next year to cut import costs.
“We don’t want to reinvent anything but we want to look for niches that add value,” he said. “If we want to be leaders in unconventional, technology is key.”
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-12-1 ... nergy.html
